December 18, 2024

1500 Invasions Later: Photos of Destruction and Resilience from the Jenin Refugee Camp

by Noora Said and Yousef Hamad

“The reality that it is the refugees, who lost their homes and land in 1948 and have been living under difficult conditions for 76 years, are the ones targeted the most in this murderous war, and are thus paying the highest price of all. It is difficult to accept that it is mostly the refugees who are willing to pick up the weapons and fight a nuclear army with their own blood, whether it is the refugees in the Gaza Strip or in the West Bank.”

—Noora Said

During a few visits to Jenin Refugee camp in the north of the West Bank, Yousef Hammad documents a reality of destruction and resilience through a series of black and white photos. Leaving the role of contrast mainly to the shadows, this low-contrast series captures the stillness of life in the camp, as in the rest of Palestine; Palestinians await a bloody and unbalanced battle to determine their future. The camp is filled with bullet holes, relatively vacant streets, and destroyed houses, instead of its own people, whose lives have become impossible with the constant military invasions, which have only escalated since mid-May 2021. These photographs were captured from late May to early June of 2024, just a few months before the Israeli occupation’s largest recent military operation titled “Operation Summer Camps,” but after the second largest military invasion which happened in July 2023, a few months before the most recent Zionist genocidal escalation in Gaza. 

Driving through Jenin city to reach the camp, the rubble of the destroyed George Habash roundabout lies in the middle of the street. Habash, referred to as “the wise,” was a prominent Palestinian leader who founded the leftist political party, the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). He worked as its secretary general from its founding in 1967 until 2000. As a revolutionary leader, Israel intentionally targeted the urban symbol commemorating his memory and crucial role in the Palestinian liberation struggle. In the current manic psyche of the Israeli state, the army has been strategically and relentlessly targeting material monuments that symbolize resistance. There are many examples from Jenin camp, but some of the most noteworthy are the repeated destructions of the memorial that marks the exact spot where the martyred journalist, Shireen Abu Akleh, was shot and killed in cold blood by the Zionist army. They also destroyed the camp’s stone-made entrance, which is called “The Arch of Victory;” it displays the camp’s name and photos of martyrs, and a metal horse sculpture was built from the ruins of the ambulances that Israel bombed during its 2002 large offensive.

Jenin Refugee camp is referred to by Palestinians as the “castle of the revolutionaries” or the “capital of resistance” because it has historically been a birthplace of resistance fighters, and has always witnessed intense battles between its refugees and the invading occupation forces. Subsequently, the Israeli military refers to the camp as the “wasp’s nest” due to their obsessive panic over potential operations by a growing militant brigade. Since 2021, Zionist military invasions of Jenin refugee camp have become a near-weekly occurrence. In the year 2022, according to a Palestinian data center, Mo’ta, Jenin witnessed 97 confrontation incidents, 58 shooting incidents, and 41 stone-throwing incidents. According to research conducted by Abd Albasit Khalaf and published by the Palestine Studies Institute, Jenin city, including all of its villages and refugee camps, has been invaded more than 1500 times in 2023. In another documentation by the Anadolou Agency, from the 7th of October 2023 through the 21st of May 2024, Jenin has been invaded 72 times. Long before the most recent and brutal “Summer Camp” military operation, the resilient Jenin refugee camp has been witnessing recurrent military invasions since mid-2021.

The uprising in 2021, which some refer to as the “unity uprising” and others refer to as the “dignity uprising,” is crucial to the ongoing war in Palestine and the genocide in Gaza. The year 2021 witnessed a re-ignition of Palestinian armed resistance and revived a sense of Palestinian nationalism. This occurred gradually after a series of escalating Zionist attacks on Palestinians. First was the struggle of the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood residents, whom Israel is still attempting to forcefully evict out of their homes in Jerusalem. Palestinians came together from every city to participate in solidarity demonstrations in Sheikh Jarrah and protest the potential expulsion of these families. It is noteworthy here to mention that the photographer, Yousef, and his family are among the families living in one of the houses threatened with eviction. Unsurprisingly, the Israeli police and army met these peaceful protestors with brutal force to completely and immediately dismantle the demonstrations that were taking place daily.

Second, in May, during Ramadan of that year, the occupation invaded al-Aqsa mosque multiple times, attacking Palestinian worshippers there with tear gas bombs and batons and arresting more than 300 people. Both the al-Aqsa mosque invasion and the Sheikh Jarrah solidarity protests sparked a smaller uprising, especially amongst the youth of Jerusalem, historic Palestine, and refugee camps in the West Bank. The mobilization coming from Palestinians with Israeli citizenship presented an unhappy surprise to the occupation state. It completely infuriated the occupation government and a large-scale arrest campaign was conducted as a result. Following al-Aqsa raids and as a stand of solidarity, the resistance in Gaza began firing missiles at the occupation state, marking the start of the 2021 war on Gaza, which Palestinians call the “Sword of Jerusalem” battle. On a military level, supposedly, the Palestinians have won. However, the broken hearts and limbs of the orphans and the parents without their children resonate forever. Finally, in September of that year, six prisoners managed to heroically escape Jalbou, one of the most secure Israeli prisons, by digging a tunnel to freedom, though they were all later found and re-arrested.

These intensifying aggressions by Israel caused the birth of many combatant battalions to re-form, especially in refugee camps across the West Bank, synchronizing with the new generation’s moment and experience. Jenin is no exception. The Jenin battalion re-emerged, uniting combatants belonging to different political parties. The last three years have been tough on the seven-decade-old refugee camp and its inhabitants. With every weekly invasion, Palestinians, including children, are killed, as houses are burnt and damaged. Nonetheless, collective punishment is central to the strategic policy of the Zionist army. As their bulldozers destroy the infrastructure in nearly every invasion, they are cutting off people’s water pipes, electricity, and transportation, causing an obstruction of the refugees’ everyday life. In July 2023, Israel conducted an aggression against the camp, the largest since 2002. Today, many of the camp’s residents have temporarily left because a normal daily life has been rendered impossible. Many of them are sheltering with families and friends who live in the city of Jenin. 

Looking at the destruction and death in Jenin’s Camp, I feel something similar to the pain I feel while looking at the destruction and death in Gaza, the pain of knowing that those who are suffering now were always in vain, even before this renewed pain, knowing that the water pipe and electricity cable, were fixed 365 times last year, knowing that so many loved ones were lost already, and before even reconciling with that, a new loved one is lost. They were all young, so young and full of life.  

Through a broken brick wall, a segment of a sign of an UNRWA project reads “Jenin camp rehabilitation project.” The moment several Western countries unjustly cut off their funding from UNRWA, they cut it off from 5.6 million Palestinian refugees, including the roughly 2 million refugees in Gaza. That politically motivated decision, defying the orders of the International Court of Justice regarding the genocide case raised by South Africa, is an unnegotiable act of collective punishment that extends geographically to the remaining Palestinian refugees in the West Bank, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon. Indeed, this biased act that submits to an Israeli historical strategy to eliminate the Palestinian refugee and their right of return; one that has an immeasurable impact on Palestinian refugees everywhere, including refugees of Jenin camp that depend on the aid for their survival. 

It is difficult to accept today’s reality that keeps resurfacing amidst the genocide. The reality that it is the refugees, who lost their homes and land in 1948 and have been living under difficult conditions for 76 years, are the ones targeted the most in this murderous war, and are thus paying the highest price of all. It is difficult to accept that it is mostly the refugees who are willing to pick up the weapons and fight a nuclear army with their own blood, whether it is the refugees in the Gaza Strip or in the West Bank. 

The slogan in all Palestinian refugee camps remains: “One day, we will return.”

Noora Said is a Palestinian filmmaker and artist. Said is also a co-founder of an audiovisual production house, Sirdab Studio. With an MA in Artist Film and Moving Image from Goldsmiths College University of London, and a BA in Film and Media Arts and Sociology, Said’s work delves into contested spaces, identities, and narratives, through socio- and geo-political lenses.

Yousef Hammad is a professional and self-taught Director of Photography and filmmaker from Sheikh Jarrah, Jerusalem. With a distinct filming and visual identity, Hammad has worked with prominent Palestinian, Arab, and international directors, artists, and cultural and human rights organizations. Hammad is also the co-founder of an audiovisual production house, Sirdab studio.

Toward a Free Palestine: Resources to Learn About and Act for Palestine

We are proud to present this text as part of a list of resources to take action for and learn about Palestine, as well as works by Palestinian artists, writers, activists, and cultural workers.